Few things exemplify the aesthetic of a timber frame structure like trusses soaring overhead, supporting a high ceiling, giving the space a feeling of grandeur. Whether in a home, commercial space, or barn, various types of trusses may be chosen to suit load requirements or to attain the right “look” — and often, both. But, with multiple options, it can be confusing to know which timber frame truss type is right for a given project. To help, we’re featuring some of our favorite trusses here, highlighting their functionality, beauty, and effectiveness.

King Post Truss

Perhaps the most popular truss type in the timber frame industry, the king post truss is also the most cost-effective. From an engineering perspective, it has the greatest load-carrying capacity but still provides a cozy feeling.

• A simple truss with timeless appeal, it is one of the oldest and most recognizable truss designs.
• Offers a clean, symmetrical look, perfect for traditional or rustic spaces.
• Fewer members and simpler joinery mean this is a cost-effective option.
• Ideal for short spans of under 30 feet.

Raised King Post Truss

Based on the king post truss and sometimes called a raised-bottom chord truss, the tie beam of a raised king truss is frequently arched and connected higher on the rafter to create a vaulted look when viewed from below.

• A traditional look with the benefit of higher clearance.
• Allows for increased ceiling height in the center while keeping lower side profiles.
• Gives an enhanced sense of openness without the complexity of a scissor truss.
• Uses space efficiently.

Queen Post Truss

The queen post truss is similar to the king, but used less frequently due to the reactions of a heavier load. A rectangle is formed within the truss triangle that does not put weight on the center of the main tie beam like a king post does. It visually lowers the ceiling height, offering a more intimate feel for a space. This truss allows for headroom utilization in the form of lofts and attics, if desired.

• Offers an open feel with a classic look.
• Provides structural strength without bulk.
• More headroom than a king post.
• Wider span support of up to 45 feet.

Scissor Truss

When the bottom chords, or scissors, are half lapped properly at the center joint, this is a very strong truss capable of sustaining heavy snow loads, making it ideal for steep pitches.

• Adds a modern or craftsman-style flair.
• A great way to add uniqueness while also solving design problems like headroom.
• Provides an airy and open feel while maintaining support.
• Creates a vaulted interior with the trusses themselves following the pitch of the roof.

Hammer Beam

The hammer beam truss can be used as a structural truss up to approximately 28 feet wide, making it ideal in large interior areas and for creating vaulted spaces. Exceeding that distance when heavily loaded, however, it will want to spread. The addition of a tie rod will conquer this, enabling the use of a structural hammer beam truss of 40 feet wide or greater.

• A true testament to craftsmanship.
• Widely considered the most visually stunning of all trusses.
• Allows for very wide spans without a central post.
• Creates a cathedral-like feel with high, open ceilings.
• Highly customizable.

Choose the Right Truss for Your Project

The network of trusses that support a building’s roof forms both a majestic and functional element of a timber frame structure. Knowing which trusses are best for specific applications will help your design succeed and give your client options for their desired aesthetic.

Before starting your next timber frame project, consult with the experts at Mid-Atlantic Timberframes. We have more than 25 years of experience in crafting trusses, as well as posts, beams, mortise-and-tenon joinery, and so much more. Let our gallery inspire you, and then contact our team by clicking here or calling 717.288.2460.